Greece-Dalmatian Coast-Bled

 

During the primary election held on Tuesday, August 7, 2012, I served as an election judge.  It was a long ballot since there were races for the US Senate and House, the Governor and Executive Branch as well as county races.  Two days later after a very brief recuperation from that long day, Diane and I were off on a second trip with my sister Earlene called the Hidden Gems of the Dalmatian Coast & Greece.  We added a pre-trip tour entitled Ancient Glories of Greece and a post-trip to Bled, Slovenia.  In preparation, I read The Pericles Commission by Gary Corby, a murder mystery taking place in ancient Greece. 

After our long travel from Columbia to St. Louis, the Dulles airport in Virginia, Frankfort and finally Athens, we were happy to get to the hotel and a welcome drink.  Our guide took us on an orientation walking tour, and we ended up at a restaurant on the Lycabettus Hill, the highest spot in Athens.  The view was wonderful.  Sitting on an open balcony, we overlooked the city and the Acropolis, the high hill upon which sits the old temple, the Parthenon.  It was wonderful until the rain and wind came, chasing us further back under cover to finish our meal.

Me, Diane, Earlene’s friend, waiter, Earlene, other tour group members

 Our view of the Acropolis

 

The next morning we went to the Acropolis which was very crowded with tourists.  Our guide showed us many highlights, but I will only mention a few.  There was an ancient theatre called Odeon of Herodes Atticus.  It was designed as an auditorium that fit into a natural hollow. Thirty-five semicircular rows of seating accommodated the nearly 5,000 people who might be there to watch music shows or festivals, a practice that continues today.  The acoustics must have been marvelous.  The Temple of Athena Nike was the most elegant and well-preserved of the Acropolis buildings. It was dedicated to the Goddess Athena as the bringer of Victory (Nike).  Then, of course, there was the Parthenon itself, the temple originally built to venerate the cult of Athena the Virgin, the Goddess of Wisdom and Warfare and the Guardian of Athens.  Later years saw the temple transformed to a Christian Church and then a mosque before its current reincarnation as an ancient ruin for tourists to visit.

Odeon of Herodes Atticus theatre


Temple of Athena Nike

 

Backside of the Parthenon

 

We walked down the hill to the Acropolis Museum.  There we saw many artifacts collected from the area.  There were labeled spaces reserved for the Elgin marble we previously saw in the British Museum and which Greece wanted back.  In the afternoon we took the optional tour to Cape Sounion on the southern tip of Greece to visit the Temple of Poseidon.  It was located on a high hill overlooking the Mediterranean.  The setting was beautiful, but the temple itself, constructed by the Ancient Greeks around 400 BC, had suffered much damage from foreign invasions over the years.  The ruins were still an elegant and picturesque tribute to the mighty gods of the Greeks.  Returning to Athens, we ate dinner that evening at another Lycabettus Hill restaurant that had an even better view of the Acropolis than the night before.

Temple of Poseidon with the Mediterranean showing on the right

 

In college I did not take any ancient history classes and only one Humanities class, Masterpieces of World Literature.  During that class I bought Bulfinch's Mythology, a popularization of Greek mythology concerning stories about gods, heroes and monsters.  I was looking forward to the pre-trip which would take us to many ancient Greek sites on the Peloponnese Peninsula.  It is connected to the mainland by the Isthmus of Corinth, a narrow strip of land with sea on either side like the Isthmus of Panama. 

Our first stop of the day was to view the Corinth Canal.  Using the canal instead of sailing around the peninsula saved up to 195 nautical miles. Every year around 15,000 ships from at least 50 nations passed through the canal.  It was manmade, about four miles long and had a water depth of 26 feet and a width that varied from a minimum of 69 feet at the bottom to a maximum of 82 feet at the water’s surface.  The surrounding cliffs rose about 300 feet to the plateau above.  Diane and I walked out on the high bridge over the canal so she could take pictures of the canal and its other bridges. There was a nice memorial to the Hungarians who planned, organized and directed the construction of the bridge between 1881 to 1893.

Corinth Canal

 

Memorial

 

Our driver then took us to the northern edge of the Peninsula to the location of the Rio–Antirrio Bridge, one of the world's longest multi-span cable-stayed bridges and longest of the fully-suspended type. It links the Peloponnese Peninsula to mainland Greece.  Fortunately, it opened one day before the Athens 2004 Summer Olympics so it could be used to transport the Olympic flame from the ancient site of the first Olympics to Athens.  The bridge was made possible by a large loan from The European Investment Bank (EIB), the EU's investment bank.  We drove through Patras, Greece's third-largest city, where we stopped to go inside the very ornate Holy Church of Saint Andrew the Apostle, a Greek Orthodox Basilica. We then drove south, down the Western edge of the peninsula to the city of Olympia and checked into our hotel.

Rio–Antirrio Bridge

 

Holy Church of Saint Andrew the Apostle

 

After breakfast, we left for a day at Olympia, the birthplace of the most famous and important sporting event in the ancient world, the Olympic Games.  They took place here every four years from 776 BC to 393 AD.  From about the 10th century BC, the site was also a place of worship dedicated to the Greek god Zeus.  Its extensive ruins included athletic training areas, a stadium and temples dedicated to the gods Hera and Zeus. The Archaeological Museum exhibited artifacts from the site, including a statue of Hermes attributed to the sculptor Praxiteles.  It was hot in the sun during our walk around Olympia, but it was very comfortable weather for our evening and breakfast meals sitting outside in the garden of the hotel.  I really enjoyed the Greek food, both the flavors and the presentation.  We were lucky to be here in late summer when fresh produce was easily available.

Our group resting during a hot day in Olympia (Earlene and me on the left)

 

Me enjoying a lunch of Greek food at the Olympic restaurant

 

Dinner in the hotel garden with our travel group

 

The next morning, we drove to Epidaurus, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and one of the most famous ancient sites in Greece.  Since early Greeks recognized Epidaurus as the birthplace of Asklepios, the god of healing, the entire site was renowned for its extensive medical facilities and healing treatments from the sixth century BC until about AD 200. Today, Epidaurus is perhaps more famous for its well preserved fourth-century theater.  Although at 14,000 seats, it is much smaller than the theater at the Acropolis.  It is renowned for its near-perfect acoustics since a coin dropped at the center of the structure can easily be heard from its farthest reaches.  The vast site, with its temples and hospital buildings devoted to its healing gods, provides valuable insight into the healing practices during early Greek and Roman times.  We then drove to the city in which our hotel was located, Nafplion, and walked in the old town, enjoying the view of the small island of Bourtzi with its strong, impressive fortress, and, FINALLY, a stop for gelato.  Since our pre-trip would be ending the next day, we had a farewell dinner at the hotel.

Me viewing the theater

 

Bourtzi fortress

 

At last, I enjoy gelato

 

The next morning, we visited the Archaeological site of Mycenae.  It is among the most important places in Greece, even mentioned by the epic poet Homer.  Mycenae was the most powerful town of its day and even gave its name to an entire historical period, the Mycenaean Period.  Until the 1870s when an amateur archaeologist excavated the site, many experts did not believe that the town actually existed but thought it was made up by Homer.  Perhaps it is best known in mythology as the city ruled by King Agamemnon who led the expedition against Troy during the Trojan War which Homer wrote about in The Iliad.  Many artifacts from the bronze age were found in shaft graves, such as the golden mask of Agamemnon, believed to be his death mask.  The citadel was protected by Cyclopean walls that are actually high walls made of huge stones.  Legend says that men could not have carried those stones with the poor technology of the era, so it had to be Cyclops who built these walls.  Homer wrote about the Cyclops in his poem The Odyssey.  Close to the citadel is the tomb of Clytemnestra, the legendary wife of Agamemnon.

Me and Diane overlooking the archaeological site of Mycenae

 

Me and Cyclopean walls

 

  I learned about many legendary Greek characters during our visit to the Peloponnese peninsula.  Then it was time to return to the hotel in Athens where we would have a welcome dinner and meet the other travelers joining us for the middle part of our trip up the Dalmatian Coast.

Before leaving the hotel to board the boat the next morning, we went on a walking tour in Athens.  It started at the Hellenic Parliament building with the uniformed guards at their stations.  Then we crossed the street to Syntagma Square and entered the metro station. When this very modern metro system was built, a huge number of artifacts were discovered and are exhibited here in an archeological museum.  We walked by other archeological sites, the Acropolis and then boarded the motorcoach to go to  Mikrolimano Harbor.

Guard at the Parliament building

 

Mosaics and other artifacts in the metro station display

  

After lunch at a local restaurant, we boarded our ship, the MV Artemis, designed to carry two small groups of 20-25 travelers.  We met the members of our group and the guide we would have for this portion of the trip.  This time, instead of driving over it, we sailed through the Corinth Canal and could see the submersible bridge at the end. What an experience!  Then we sailed beneath the modern Rio Anti Bridge we had seen from the road on our pre-trip.  Diane and I were very happy to be feeling the movement of the ship. We loved our cruises.

MV Artemis

 

Sailing through the Corinth Canal

 

We could have foretold that the next morning we would leave the ship in the port of Itea and bus to Delphi where the priestess Pythia had lived.  She was famed throughout the ancient world for divining the future and was consulted before all major undertakings.  Our group first visited the Delphi Archaeological Museum which was full of masterpieces from the Archaic, Classical and Roman periods.  We then tackled the dirt and gravel path going up steep ground and several sets of stairs (totaling 150 uphill and downhill).  We went past the Temple of Apollo and made it to the very top.  This enabled us to see the Stadium of Delphi, the sanctuary of Apollo and the rest of the Delphic landscape. It’s amazing that the stadium still exists in any shape or form considering it was built around the 4th century B.C.  Walking back down the steep path was harder than walking up it, and that may explain why my sister fell and had to be helped up and given first aid.  It was good we had a free afternoon to relax onboard the ship.

Overlooking the Stadium and Temple of Apollo (columns on left)

 

Steep path with gravel

 

We only had one more stop in Greece, the island of Corfu whose principal city is also Corfu.  It is known for its beaches and resorts and has a cultural heritage that reflects the years spent under Venetian, French and British rule before it united with Greece in 1864.  As we sailed toward Corfu, we could see two huge structures dominating the horizon.  There was an ancient fortress on the east and a newer fort on the west.  In the past, these two fortresses were linked by large walls, so that the inhabitants could live safely inside.  Our first stop was at the Achillion Palace built in 1890 for Elizabeth (Sissy), the former Empress of Austria.  She was captivated by ancient Greek legends and mythology which explained why the Palace Garden was replete with statues of Greek Gods and Goddesses.

View of the fortresses

 

Me and Diane on balcony of the Achillion Palace

 

We departed the ship the next morning at Saranda, Albania, a country which, for some reason, I never thought of as being on the coast.  The port city looked prosperous and the beaches were busy, but as we were driving south to the Butrint National Park, I could see many Soviet-era buildings that had not been fully constructed and were now sitting empty.  Butrint had been inhabited since prehistoric times, the site of a Greek colony, a Roman city and a Christian community.  It was even mentioned in Virgil’s poem Aeneid.  Following a period of prosperity under a Byzantine administration and a brief occupation by the Venetians, the city was abandoned in the late Middle Ages after marshes formed in the area.  We walked around the archaeological site, a collection of ruins from each of these periods.

Busy beach

 

Abandoned building

 

Tour group at Butrint

 

At breakfast the next morning, we watched as the ship sailed through Europe's deepest fjord in order to reach Kotor, Montenegro.  It was another ancient fortified town, squeezed between the waters of the bay and the limestone cliffs of Mount Lovcen.  We walked through the winding streets and squares in its medieval old town that had several Romanesque churches, including Kotor Cathedral. Our group toured the Maritime Museum which had displays about local seafaring history.  We spent the afternoon at leisure on our ship.

Kotor Cathedral

 

Young entrepreneur

 

Mount Lovcen

 

The next day was more interesting.  On board a bus, we were driven up Mt. Lovcen on a narrow zig-zag road with many hairpin turns.  It was no fun when your seat was on the outside edge.  We stopped along the way at Njegusi for lunch and purchased some locally-produced food products (cheese and smoked ham).  King Nikola was born there and ruled a long time from 1860 to 1918.  We then continued to Cetinje where we had a walking tour of the city.  Founded in 1482, it wasn’t until Montenegro was declared an independent country at the Berlin Congress in 1878 that it became a European capital and began to thrive.  In 1946 Cetinje’s reign as capital ended, but it was still full of Montenegro’s history and culture.  We walked by the former royal palaces, historic churches and the national museum before heading back down the mountain to board our ship.

Narrow road

 

Food products for sale to tourists

 

View of city and beaches below

 

The next morning, after leaving the ship, it was a short drive to the Old Town of Dubrovnik, Croatia, encircled by massive stone walls completed in the 16th century.  It is thought of as one of the world's most exquisite walled cities, having a past as an independent city-state that rivaled Venice.  It was a fortress city that served as the base for a fleet of ships that carried trade between much of Europe and the Middle East. The city-state's period of autonomy extended from 1358 to 1808.  We spent the morning exploring its well-preserved buildings inside the walls that ranged from churches and palaces to museums.  There was an area of great commercial activity with many shops, markets and restaurants where we had lunch.

Painting of historic walled city of Dubrovnik

 

Scene inside the walled city 

 

In the afternoon we rode a cable car to the top of a hill where we stood on a platform providing amazing views of the Old Town and surrounding area including the islands.  Coming back down, we had more time to walk the fortress walls and explore the Old Town before our dinner at the home of a family in a nearby village.

Host family and remains of our dinner

 

While serving us delicious appetizers, tasty drinks, pastries and a main course, local family members told us stories of what it was like to live through the Balkan War.  In June 1991, the parliaments of Slovenia and Croatia declared independence from Yugoslavia, which led to the deployment of the Belgrade, Serbia-controlled Yugoslav army (JNA) toward the affected borders and airports.  After a 10-day conflict, the JNA withdrew from Slovenia.  However, in Croatia, Serbian troops sided with ethnic Serb rebels who opposed independence, launching what would become a four-year war.  During 1991, the city of Dubrovnik was bombarded and under siege by land and by sea.  This provoked international condemnation, and became a public relations disaster for Serbia and Montenegro, contributing to their diplomatic and economic isolation, as well as the international recognition of Croatia's independence.  By the end of the year, the blockade ended and the troops withdrew from the city.  Having dinner with this local family was a valuable learning experience for us.  They were very entrepreneurial, selling their own liquor, food stuffs, painted eggs and other products which they took on market day to Dubrovnik.

Painted eggs

 

The next morning, we visited the Croatian island of Korcula which for centuries was ruled by Venice.  A guide led us on a walking tour of the Old City pointing at the location where it is believed Marco Polo was born.  We visited St Mark's Abbey Treasury which contains an important collection of icons and Dalmatian religious art.  On the way back to the port I saw many expensive yachts, a testament to the island’s reputation as a destination for the very rich.

Approach to Korcula

 

Yachts in harbor

 

Hvar, another Croatian island, was our next stop.  This time we started in the small, picturesque village of Vrboska.  We drove through the countryside with terraced hillsides where stone walls were used to control erosion.  In the springtime, we might have seen fields of lavender flowers.

Fields with stone walls

 

When we got to Hvar town, protected by a large fort on the hilltop, we went on a walking tour of the Old Town.  Hvar had one of the largest squares we had seen on our trip.  The architecture reflected the nature of this entire area which had been inhabited since prehistoric times and occupied by one Mediterranean country after another.  The Cathedral of St. Stephen and its distinctive bell tower was constructed between the 16th and 17th centuries.  We stopped and had a refreshing drink at one of the many establishments on the square.  Looking around at the port and the large number of boats and yachts made me think of the Lake of the Ozarks and realize this island was also a playground for the very rich of our world.  We drove back to Vrboska, walked around its canals that gave the town its nickname “little Venice,” and then our group was seated in a local winery’s tasting room for a refreshing glass of wine.  After reboarding the ship, we had a show by a local music and dance group in colorful costumes performing Croatian dances.

Cathedral of St. Stephen

 

Boats in harbor

 

Canal in Vrboska

 

Croatian dancers

 

At last, we were not going to visit another island.  Instead we were headed toward the second largest city in Croatia with the unusual name of Split. It is believed the city draws its name from a common shrub in the area, after which the Greek colony of Aspálathos or Spálathos was named.  When it became a Roman possession, the Latin name became Spalatum, and finally the Croatian name became Split.  We spent the morning on a walking tour of the old city near the port starting with the Diocletian’s Palace, a UNESCO World Heritage site. It is one of the best-preserved monuments of Roman architecture in the world.  Emperor Diocletian built the Palace as a combination of a luxury villa/summer house and a Roman military camp.  The Emperor’s Temple of Jupiter was converted into a Christian baptistery and his mausoleum became a cathedral.  The Palace has become a maze of beautifully preserved ancient ruins, shops, restaurants and apartments.  On the way back to our ship, I enjoyed seeing all the different kinds of food for sale in the fish market.

Bell tower of St. Domnius Cathedral

 

Singers inside the Vestibule to the Palace (roof had caved in)

 

Temple of Jupiter

 

Fish for sale

 

Those who paid for the optional tour to the town of Omis on the River Cetina boarded a bus for the trip down the coast.  At Omis, we transferred to a boat for the cruise down the river.  When the boat reached its destination, we walked to a nearby restaurant to have a drink and some grilled fish.  On the return trip the bus took the mountain route back to our ship.  Since it was our last night on board, the crew entertained us after dinner and the waiters brought us a special flaming dessert.

Fishing in the River Cetina

 

Restaurant where our group ate the fish

 

Ship’s crew says “Goodbye”

 

We said farewell to many of our fellow travelers and continued with those who were going on the post-trip to Slovenia.  Our bus traveled through the large city of Split, up the mountains behind it and through the small villages along the way.  Our first stop was at the Plitvice Lakes National Park. We walked along a boardwalk, sometimes with water on both sides, observing the waterfalls, vegetation, birds and animal life.  The water was an extraordinary shade of blue.  We were told that the type of algae that blooms in the lake waters releases gases as it grows and decomposes, and when those gases react with the water it shows as a stunning shade of azure.  Driving on towards Zagreb, the pockmarked exteriors of the homes we passed and the abandoned tanks and artillery guns gave evidence of the Balkan War.  We were happy to check in and have dinner at our Zagreb hotel.

Plitvice Lakes

 

Abandoned tanks and guns

 

We found out how pretty Zagreb is on our walking city tour the next morning.  The city is really on two levels, but it was easy to move between them on a funicular.  We walked by the Croatian Museum of Naive Art on our way to St. Mark’s square.  St Mark’s church with its distinctive roof tiles representing the Coat of Arms of Zagreb and the Triune Kingdom of Croatia is in the center of the square with many governmental buildings also present.  We saw a plaque for Nikola Tesla (think alternating current) who was born in Croatia.  There were wonderful statues.  Ban Josip Jelacic was shown riding a horse and pointing a sword.  He is remembered for his military campaigns during the revolutions of 1848 against The Austrian Empire and for his abolition of serfdom in Croatia.  Petrica Kerempuh is a fictional character shown playing a mandolin with a noose around his neck next to other prisoners tied to a pole.  He was regarded as a prophet of the people and a cynical commentator on contemporary events.  We walked by the Holy Mary Monument, consisting of a fountain in the middle of which is a column with the golden sculptures of Virgin Mary on the top and four angels below.  It was in front of the Roman Catholic Cathedral of Zagreb, the second tallest building in Croatia where we had a brief look inside.

Funicular

 

St. Mark’s church with distinctive roof tiles

 

Statue of Petrica Kerempuh

 

Holy Mary Monument

  

We stopped at a delicatessen for lunch.  The afternoon was on our own, and Diane and I planned to visit the Croatian History Museum which was having a special exhibit on the Balkan War.  We remembered to take the funicular up to the museum, and once there had a wonderful guided tour with pictures and displays.  We knew the basic facts that Croatia declared independence in 1991 against Yugoslavian rule, and the war lasted until 1995 when the U.N. separated Croatia into four areas to disconnect the battling groups of Serbs and Croats.  During the guided tour, we were free to ask questions and clarify the events.  After the busy day, we were hungry and headed to a restaurant we had seen on our walking tour.  Its menu had a variety of seafood to choose from and enjoy with a glass of white wine, which we did.

Delicatessen

 

The next day, Diane and I went on the optional Baroque City of Varazdin tour.  When we arrived, we found we were there at the right time of year for the lively and fun Spancirfest, the largest street festival in Croatia.  Our group first toured the Old Castle, a perfectly preserved example of medieval defensive architecture and considered to be the most important local monument.  It housed the Museum of the City of Varazdin.  Then we walked through the old town, some of the festival exhibits and stopped at a restaurant where we were seated with a glass of wine and had lunch.

Varazdin Spancirfest with Old Castle in background

 

We crossed a border the next morning, going from Croatia to Slovenia.  It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the southeast and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest. It is no wonder that it has historically been the crossroads of Slavic, Germanic and Romance languages and cultures.  Its territory has been part of many different states: the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire, the Carolingian Empire, the Holy Roman Empire, the Kingdom of Hungary, the Republic of Venice, the Illyrian Provinces of Napoleon's First French Empire, the Austrian Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire.  Today, it is a parliamentary democratic republic with a multi-party system.

We stopped for a walking tour in Ljubljana, the largest city and capital of Slovenia.  It's known for its university population and green spaces, including expansive Tivoli Park. The streets were full of history and beautiful statuary.  The curving Ljubljanica River was lined with outdoor cafes.  We stopped at one for lunch and enjoyed the view of the river.  We felt very comfortable in this city.  However, we needed to continue on our way.  We drove by forests with the mountains known for good skiing in the background until we reached our hotel on the shores of Lake Bled.

Ljubljanica River

 

The next morning, we boarded a bus in Bled and drove through the countryside to another lake, Lake Bohinj.  It is a glacial lake dammed by a moraine.  There were a couple of interesting statues by the lake.  One statue looked like a gazelle to me, but is supposed to be Goldhorn, which in Slovene folklore legend is a white chamois (goat-antelope) buck or, alternatively, an Alpine ibex.  Another statue was The Four Brave Men, the first men to climb Triglav, the highest mountain (9,400 feet) in Slovenia.  We then returned to Bled.

Goldhorn

 

The Four Brave Men

 

We stopped at the picturesque Bled Castle built on a precipice overlooking Lake Bled.  Its history dates back to 1004.  Its oldest part is a Romanesque tower which we climbed up to have a good view over the lake and the alps.  Part of the castle is also functioning as a historical museum with a collection that represents the lake's history.  The group was next taken to board a boat for a ride on the lake to Bled Island.  The island has several buildings, the main one being the pilgrimage church dedicated to the Assumption of Mary.  We encountered a newly married couple coming down the stairs from the church.  I had no desire to climb up all those narrow, steep stairs.  After a ride around the lake, we were taken to a restaurant for lunch.

Bled Castle

 

View of Lake with Bled Island on the right

 

Boat ride

 

Married couple

 

Diane, Earlene and I then agreed to tackle a walk around Lake Bled, almost four miles.  It was tiring, we did have some rain along the way, but we made it.  We saw the almost nude, and nude, bathers.  The lake is of mixed glacial and tectonic origin, meaning the lake is fed by mild, thermal springs making a comfortable temperature for swimming.  We walked on a nice gravel and paved path with occasional benches for resting.  There was an abundance of colorful wildflowers on both sides of the path.  We passed several bronze statues, but none with historical interest.  The sky was darkening, and we were tired and hungry when we finally got to a lakeside restaurant with a great menu.  We toasted ourselves on a very successful walk, had a relaxing meal with a bottle of wine and finished with the Lake Bled crème cake for dessert.  We were visually entertained with a light show over the lake and the outline of lights on the Bled Castle.  Finally, the three of us made it to our hotel beds for a very sound sleep.

Bathers and Earlene

 

Earlene and I on the walking path

 

Bled Castle lit up

 

The next day, we all went on the optional tour to see the Predjama Castle and the Postojna Cave.  Our first stop was at the castle, built into the mouth of the cave.  The castle was perched in the middle of a 123-metre-high cliff where it stood for more than 800 years. Behind it, there is a network of secret tunnels, from where the knight Erazem of Predjama would set out on his plundering expeditions.  We toured the interior of the living spaces and then walked down a series of stairs to view a portion of the cave below.  There were occasional windows to the outside for defensive purposes.

Predjama Castle

 

At the Postojna Cave, along with many other tourists we waited our turn to board an open seating platform, two-across and many rows long.  Then we were taken on a lengthy ride into the cave proper that was carved by the Pivka River over millions of years.  There were stalagmites, stalactites and formations called curtains or draperies that looked like folded curtains. The cave was well-lit as it had been since 1818.  Initially the cave was lit with lamps for a visit by Francis I, the first Emperor of Austria-Hungary.  Electric lighting was added in 1884.  In 1872 cave rails were laid along with the first train for tourists.  Even cave tourism has a long history in Europe.

Cave entrance with boardwalk

 

Cave stairs get steep and maybe wet

 

Cave train

 

View of cave interior

 

That night, we had a farewell dinner with our guide and fellow travelers before packing for our return trip home.  We were up very early for the drive to Ljubljana to make the 7 a.m. flight to Frankfurt.  Once at the airport, I had time to reflect on the 24-day trip that ranged from the antiquities in Greece, to the countries and islands along the Dalmatian coast, to the lakes and cave in Slovenia.  What a wonderful trip.

We arrived home on Labor Day weekend, a good time to recuperate and do our laundry.  Then we had to reintegrate into our Columbia, Missouri home life.  The Senate race between Clare McCaskill and Todd Akin took an interesting turn while we were gone.  When Akin was asked in an interview on a St. Louis television station about his views on abortion, Akin made it clear that his opposition to the practice was nearly absolute, even in instances of rape.  Speaking about pregnancies after rape, he said: “It seems to me, from what I understand from doctors, that’s really rare.  If it’s a legitimate rape, the female body has ways to try to shut that whole thing down.”  McCaskill responded: “As a woman and former prosecutor who handled 100s of rape cases, I’m stunned by Rep Akin’s comments about victims this AM.”  McCaskill had been seen as politically vulnerable because of her ties to President Obama and tens of millions in dollars spent against her by outside advocacy groups.  Akin won the Senate Republican primary with strong support from Missouri’s religious conservatives. But he was also helped by McCaskill, whose campaign spent nearly $2 million on ads portraying Akin as ultraconservative. It was a clear attempt to bolster his candidacy among more conservative primary voters while gambling that the independents and moderate Republicans needed to win the general election would be turned off by his views on social issues.  Political observers had said McCaskill’s best chance of defending her seat, and perhaps the Democrats’ majority in the Senate, was to paint her opponent as extreme.  We were looking forward to the November election.

We bought our True/False Film Festival passes for next year, our season tickets for Stephens College Performing Arts and paid for our fall Osher classes.  Diane was still serving on the board of the Missouri Symphony Society.  In 2011, they had signed an agreement with the University of Missouri (MU) whereby MU would lease with an option to buy the Missouri Theatre.  Diane and I were looking forward to the start of the Metropolitan Opera Live in HD series at the Forum Theater.  We agreed to share a table at Murray’s for the Jazz series season with two other women.  Later in September, we took our chairs to sit at the Peace Park stage and listen to Sixto Rodriquiz perform at the Roots & Blues Festival.  He sang the song from the documentary Sugar Man that we had seen earlier in the year at True/False.  We enjoyed his singing in the movie much more than sitting outside in a crowd whose mummering interfered with hearing the music.

I celebrated my October birthday during a short trip to Denver to visit Joe and Karen.  We flew so we could have our GOES interview for Global Entry at the Denver airport.  We were told that neither one of us had good fingerprints.  Diane said hers had been burned often in the kitchen, and I had no excuse.  Maybe worn off because of so much typing on the computer keyboard? 

In Denver, we first viewed the exhibits at the Denver Art Museum and then walked to the nearby Clyfford Still Museum which just opened late in 2011.  Clyfford Still was born in North Dakota in 1904.  Walking through the galleries, we could see how he evolved as an artist, transitioning from recognizable images and landscapes to more abstract shapes, colors and lines on huge canvases.  He became an abstract expressionist.  How had an art museum dedicated entirely to him wound up in Denver, CO, a state in which he wasn’t born, worked or died?  His will stipulated that his entire collection be given to an American city willing to establish a permanent museum dedicated exclusively to the care and display of his art, and Denver won. 

Back in Columbia, later in October we again attended the annual Friends of China dumpling dinner.  Along with our friend Paul Wallace, we had the winning bid in a silent auction for a dinner at the house of Amy Chow, owner of House of Chow.  However, we were saddened to know that our friend MB, who started and continued the Women of Substance, was selling her wonderful house on Wolf Creek Court and moving to Portland Oregon to be closer to her daughter, her wife and their daughter. I was just a little older than MB, now 72, in better health, and understood her desire to be near her daughter.

Diane and I both worked during the general election as judges, knowing it would be the last time for us.  The recuperations were getting harder and harder.  I felt like it was time to pass the torch to the younger generation.  Although Barack Obama won his second term of office, he lost in Missouri, only getting 44% of the vote.  Clare McCaskill’s strategy for winning her second term as Senator paid off, and she won with 55% of the vote.  Democrats won four of the five state offices, including Governor.  A rising star, Jason Kander was elected Secretary of State.  Democrats only won two of the seven US Representative elections, and these two were Black men in safe city districts.  Democrats won their state Senate or House seats from most city districts, but the Republicans dominated in the rural part of the state, often running unopposed. 

As usual, we hosted friends for Thanksgiving dinner.  Early December went by uneventfully except for one announcement.  On December 7th the Supreme Court granted review of United States v. Windsor, formerly Windsor v. United States, and Hollingsworth v. Perry, formerly Perry v. Brown.   What would that court have to say about the Defense of Marriage Act? 

Diane got a bee in her bonnet about wanting an Apple computer to work on her photographs.  I tried to convince her that it was very different from the PCs that she had been used to from the beginning of her computer usage, but she was determined.  I also told her that I wasn’t familiar with Apples and would not be able to help her much.  She would not be dissuaded, so I told her that she would have to pay for it out of her own money, which she did. 

We were keeping up with our Tai Chi, walking and biking to keep in shape for our travels.  Our plans for 2013 were not quite as ambitious for international travel, but we did plan on doing more in the US.  Diane was still preparing great food for our friends, particularly on their birthdays.  On Christmas Eve we had two close friends at our house for dinner, and on Christmas evening we had dinner at the house of other friends, H and N.  I was helping more friends manage their finances and doing their taxes for them.  Diane and I felt very lucky to have so many good friends with whom to share our lives.